Service-learning for training in pharmaceutical care, facing the challenges of COVID-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21556/edutec.2021.78.2161Keywords:
Service-Learning, sexual diversity, pharmaceutical care, COVIF-19 pandemicAbstract
Currently, both society and government entities seek the humanization of the health system, especially for the treatment of those patients more vulnerable, such as those belonging to the LGTBI+ collective. This requires highly qualified and committed healthcare professionals, which is why the Service-Learning (SL) method can be a valuable tool.
This article describes the training project based on the ApS methodology carried out by the UCM Faculty of Pharmacy together with the NGO COGAM, specialized in projects and programs aimed at raising awareness and making visible the diversity of the LGTBI + collective. Although the project was initially designed to be carried out in person, the health and social crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic forced its virtualization: The students received specific online training, and carried out scientific dissemination activities, as well as pharmaceutical advice, which received a very good acceptance by users.
Although the results are still preliminary, the training activity carried out seems to have a beneficial effect both for students and for the community, even in the most challenging health and social conditions, and can easily be transferred to any other academic discipline.
Downloads
References
Albanesi, C., Aramburuzabala, P., Gregorova, A. B., & Zunszain, P. (2020). Practical guide on e-service-learning in response to COVID-19. https://www.eoslhe.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Practical-guide-on-e-Service-Learning_web.pdf
Aramburuzabala, P., McIlrath, L., & Opazo, H. (2019). Embedding service learning in European higher education: Developing a culture of civic engagement. Routledge.
Astin, A. W., Vogelgesang, L. J., Ikeda, E. K., & Yee, J. A. (2000). How service learning affects students.
Bednarz, S. W., Chalkley, B., Fletcher, S., Hay, I., Heron, E. L., Mohan, A., & Trafford, J. (2008). Community engagement for student learning in geography. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 32(1), 87-100.
Burke, S. E., Dovidio, J. F., Przedworski, J. M., Hardeman, R. R., Perry, S. P., Phelan, S. M., Nelson, D. B., Burgess, D. J., Yeazel, M. W., & van Ryn, M. (2015). Do Contact and Empathy Mitigate Bias Against Gay and Lesbian People Among Heterosexual First-Year Medical Students? A Report From the Medical Student CHANGE Study. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 90(5), 645-651. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000000661
Busch, I. M., Moretti, F., Travaini, G., Wu, A. W., & Rimondini, M. (2019). Humanization of Care: Key Elements Identified by Patients, Caregivers, and Healthcare Providers. A Systematic Review. The Patient - Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, 12(5), 461-474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40271-019-00370-1
Chapman, R., Watkins, R., Zappia, T., Nicol, P., & Shields, L. (2012, Apr). Nursing and medical students' attitude, knowledge and beliefs regarding lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender parents seeking health care for their children. J Clin Nurs, 21(7-8), 938-945. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03892.x
Chen, A. M., Kiersma, M. E., Yehle, K. S., & Plake, K. S. (2015). Impact of an aging simulation game on pharmacy students' empathy for older adults. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 79(5).
Chen, J. T., LaLopa, J., & Dang, D. K. (2008). Impact of patient empathy modeling on pharmacy students caring for the underserved. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 72(2).
Claes, E., Schrooten, M., McLaughlin, H., & Csoba, J. (2021). Community service learning in complex urban settings: challenges and opportunities for social work education. Social Work Education, 1-19.
Conway, J. M., Amel, E. L., & Gerwien, D. P. (2009). Teaching and learning in the social context: A meta-analysis of service learning's effects on academic, personal, social, and citizenship outcomes. Teaching of psychology, 36(4), 233-245.
Comisión Europea (2020). Unión de la Igualdad: Estrategia para la Igualdad de las Personas LGBTIQ 2020-2025. COM(2020) 698 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52020DC0698&from=EN
Comisión Europea (2017). Health4LGTBI: Reducing health inequalities experienced by LGTBI people.https://ec.europa.eu/health/social_determinants/projects/ep_funded_projects_en#fragment2
Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (2018). Proyectos de atención a personas LGTBI en situación de vulnerabilidad y de sensibilización de la sociedad madrileña. Consultado el 8 de noviembre de 2021 en: https://www.comunidad.madrid/sites/default/files/doc/educacion/libro_proyectos.pdf
de la Fuente-Martos, C., Rojas-Amezcua, M., Gómez-Espejo, M. R., Lara-Aguayo, P., Morán-Fernandez, E., & Aguilar-Alonso, E. (2018, 2018/03/01/). Humanization in healthcare arises from the need for a holistic approach to illness. Medicina Intensiva (English Edition), 42(2), 99-109. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medine.2017.08.011
Dirección General de Coordinación de la Atención al Ciudadano y Humanización de la Asistencia Sanitaria (Ed.). (2016). Plan de Humanización de la Asistencia Sanitaria 2016-2019. Consejería de Sanidad de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid. http://www.madrid.org/bvirtual/BVCM017902.pdf
Eyler, J. S. (2000). What Do We Most Need To Know about the Impact of Service-Learning on Student Learning? Michigan journal of community service learning.
Felten, P., & Clayton, P. H. (2011). Service‐learning. New directions for teaching and learning, 2011(128), 75-84.
Feng, J., Lazar, J., & Preece, J. (2004). Empathy and online interpersonal trust: A fragile relationship. Behaviour & Information Technology, 23(2), 97-106.
Fernández Alfonso, S. & Cea Soriano, L. (2019). Identificación de problemas relacionados con el medicamento y estrategias de mejora en personas mayores. Madrid, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Consultado el 9 de noviembre de 2021 en: https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/62510/1/Identificaci%C3%B3n%20de%20problemas%20relacionados%20con%20el%20medicamento%20y%20estrategias%20de%20mejora%20en%20personas%20mayores.pdf
Fjortoft, N., Van Winkle, L. J., & Hojat, M. (2011). Measuring empathy in pharmacy students. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 75(6).
Fuchs, T. (2014). The virtual other: Empathy in the age of virtuality. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 21(5-6), 152-173.
Fullana, M. A., Hidalgo-Mazzei, D., Vieta, E., & Radua, J. (2020). Coping behaviors associated with decreased anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. Journal of Affective Disorders, 275, 80-81.
Gil-Borrelli, C. C., Velasco, C., Iniesta, C., Beltrán, P. D., Curto, J., & Latasa, P. (2017). Hacia una salud pública con orgullo: equidad en la salud en las personas lesbianas, gais, bisexuales y trans en España.
Granero Andújar, A. (2021). Aprendizaje-Servicio y colectivo LGTBI: una experiencia educativa innovadora desarrollada desde la Universidade do Algarve. INNTED. Código: S03-07 online. Consultado el 8 de noviembre de 2021 en: https://innted.org/ponencia/aprendizaje-servicio-y-colectivo-lgtbi-una-experiencia-educativa-innovadora-desarrollada-desde-la-universidade-do-algarve-portugal/
Haque, O. S., & Waytz, A. (2012). Dehumanization in medicine: Causes, solutions, and functions. Perspectives on psychological science, 7(2), 176-186.
Hatzenbuehler, M. L., McLaughlin, K. A., Keyes, K. M., & Hasin, D. S. (2010). The impact of institutional discrimination on psychiatric disorders in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: A prospective study. American journal of public health, 100(3), 452-459.
Herrera Pastor D (2020). Aprendizaje Servicio. Análisis de una experiencia universitaria. IE. (102):154-64
Hoffman, J. C. (2021). A service learning pedagogy for an undergraduate bachelor of nursing curriculum.
Juhász, J., Málovics, G., & Bajmócy, Z. (2021). Co-Creation, Reflection, and Transformation: The Social Impact of a Service-Learning Course at the University of Szeged. Vezetéstudomány/Budapest Management Review, 51(7), 6-17.
Kerr, J. L., Stahnke, A. M., & Behnen, E. M. (2015). Assessing empathy and self-efficacy levels of pharmacy students in an elective diabetes management course. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 79(3).
Ley 16/2003, de 28 de mayo, de cohesión y calidad del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Boletín Oficial del Estado, 128, de 29 de mayo de 2003. BOE-A-2003-10715. Consultado en: https://www.boe.es/eli/es/l/2003/05/28/16/con
Lor, K. B., Truong, J. T., Ip, E. J., & Barnett, M. J. (2015). A randomized prospective study on outcomes of an empathy intervention among second-year student pharmacists. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 79(2).
Machi C., Martí R., Andrés L., Guillén M., Ferragud C., Garrigues T., Garrigues, T. & Blesa, J. (2021). Metodología Aprendizaje-Servicio adaptada al confinamiento por COVID-19: Utilización en la prevención de adicciones. Libro de Actas IN-RED 2021: VII Congreso de Innovación Edicativa y Docencia en Red. Universitat Politècnica de València; Consultado en: http://ocs.editorial.upv.es/index.php/INRED/INRED2021/paper/view/13727.
Muñoz Medina, J.I. (2020) Prevención De infecciones de transmisión sexual en adolescentes a través de un proyecto de aprendizaje‐servicio.. Trabajo de fin de máster inédito. Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla. Consultado el 8 de noviembre de 2021 en: https://idus.us.es/bitstream/handle/11441/104089/MU%c3%91OZ%20MEDINA%20JORGE%20IVAN.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Pawlikowski, M. (2002). Dehumanization of contemporary medicine: Causes and remedies. Neuroendocrinology letters, 23(1), 5-7.
Ratka, A. (2018). Empathy and the development of affective skills. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 82(10).
Sales, I., Jonkman, L., Connor, S., & Hall, D. (2013). A comparison of educational interventions to enhance cultural competency in pharmacy students. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 77(4).
Santabárbara, J., Lasheras, I., Lipnicki, D. M., Bueno-Notivol, J., Pérez-Moreno, M., López-Antón, R., De la Cámara, C., Lobo, A., & Gracia-García, P. (2021,). Prevalence of anxiety in the COVID-19 pandemic: An updated meta-analysis of community-based studies. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 109, 110207. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110207
Schmidt, M. E. (2021). Embracing e-service learning in the age of COVID and beyond. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology.
Shaw, S., & Halley, M. A. (2021). Service Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Model of Temporal, Spatial, and Cultural Adaptability. Journal of Interpretation, 29(1), 3.
Skoy, E. T., Eukel, H. N., Frenzel, J. E., Werremeyer, A., & McDaniel, B. (2016). Use of an auditory hallucination simulation to increase student pharmacist empathy for patients with mental illness. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 80(8).
Stepien, K. A., & Baernstein, A. (2006). Educating for empathy. Journal of general internal medicine, 21(5), 524-530.
Tamayo, C. A., Rizkalla, M. N., & Henderson, K. K. (2016). Cognitive, behavioral and emotional empathy in pharmacy students: targeting programs for curriculum modification. Frontiers in pharmacology, 7, 96.
Ti, C., Tang, J., & Bringle, R. (2021). Initiating and Extending Institutionalization of Service-Learning. Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement, 25(2).
Todres, L., Galvin, K. T., & Holloway, I. (2009, 2009/01/01). The humanization of healthcare: A value framework for qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, 4(2), 68-77. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482620802646204
Torrico MG-C, Fernández M.B., Arenas P.G., Pareja E.F.H., de Arcos A.N. (2018). LGTBI+: Diversidad afectivo-sexual e identidades de género. Universidad de Córdoba. https://helvia.uco.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10396/17405/ApuntesLGTBI.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Universidad Complutense de Madrid (2021). Oficina de Aprendizaje-Servicio ApS UCM. Consultado el 23 de julio de 2021 en https://www.ucm.es/diversidad/aprendizaje-servicio
Van Winkle, L. J., Fjortoft, N., & Hojat, M. (2012). Impact of a workshop about aging on the empathy scores of pharmacy and medical students. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 76(1).
Warren, J. L. (2012). Does service-learning increase student learning?: A meta-analysis. Michigan journal of community service learning, 18(2), 56-61.
Wong, M. M. L., Lau, K. H., & Chan, C. W. F. (2021). The impacts and success factors of a work-from-home service-learning internship during COVID-19. Journal of Work-Applied Management.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
By submitting the paper, the authors assign the publication rights to the journal Edutec. For its part, Edutec authorises its distribution as long as its content is not altered and its origin is indicated. At the end of each article published in Edutec, the citation procedure is indicated.
The management and editorial board of Edutec Revista Electrónica de Tecnología Educativa do not accept any responsibility for the statements and ideas expressed by the authors in their work.
Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)
